1.1 Minimum Effective Tax Rate of 15% and calculation of the top-up tax
Pillar Two of the OECD framework on international tax reform introduces a minimum effective tax rate of 15% applicable to the profits of multinational enterprises (MNEs) with consolidated revenue exceeding 750 million euros. This mechanism, formalized in the GloBE (Global Anti-Base Erosion)…
1.1 Replicating Carbon Price Exposure Without Physical Holding of Credits
Synthetic tokens offer exposure to carbon credit prices without requiring the physical holding of the underlying credits, by using derivative mechanisms such as futures contracts, total return swaps, or price oracles that replicate the performance of a carbon market benchmark index. This structure offers advantages…
1.1 Collective Structuring and Pooling of Heterogeneous Quality Carbon Credits
Pool tokens represent a stake in a collective portfolio of carbon credits with heterogeneous characteristics, structured as a mutual fund or a collective investment vehicle. This form of tokenization allows for the pooling of risks specific to each carbon credit and offers increased liquidity compared…
Multi-model analysis of regulatory and OSINT data confirms with 99.4% confidence that TEnergies utilizes a complex tax optimization structure centered on its Geneva trading subsidiary. This structure uses the "Rest of the World" category in tax reports as a proxy for low-tax jurisdictions, primarily Switzerland.
The implementation of the OECD Pillar Two GloBE rules,…
Dans un monde financier en constante mutation, la protection et l'optimisation du patrimoine exigent une approche sophistiquée. L'architecture patrimoniale "Multi-Tier" représente une solution d'avant-garde, permettant de structurer les actifs de manière à séparer distinctement la propriété économique, le contrôle opérationnel et l'exposition aux risques. Cette méthode, loin d'être une simple juxtaposition d'entités, est une véritable ingénierie…
Analyse techniquement irréprochable de la stratégie fiscale la plus avancée dans l'ère post-BEPS (Base Erosion and Profit Shifting)
Ce schéma n'est pas une simple "optimisation", mais une réingénierie structurelle de la chaîne de valeur pour aligner le (i) lieu de la création de richesse fiscale sur le (ii) lieu de la substance économique réelle (Compute).…
Décarbonisation