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Tag: USA

Smoke billows from factory chimneys in Konin, Poland, highlighting pollution and environmental impact.

Navigating the Nuances: Synthetic Carbon Credits and Their Hidden Dangers

Synthetic carbon credit tokens provide derivative exposure to carbon markets (e.g., ICE EUA, voluntary indices) via futures, total return swaps, or oracle-replicated performance, without physical custody or retirement of underlying credits. This delivers operational efficiency (fractionalization, 24/7 liquidity, reduced verification costs) but introduces material counterparty risk (issuer solvency/fulfillment), basis/tracking error risk (deviation from reference index…

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Analysis of the paradigmatic transition towards a « Digital Bretton Woods » and quantitative modeling of the risks/returns of Real World Asset (RWA) Tokenization

We are not in a classic crypto cycle; we are witnessing the commoditization of the settlement layer. Bretton Woods I (1944) used a gold-pegged dollar settled via correspondent banks (SWIFT/CHIPS). The current regime (post-1971) relies on the petrodollar and sovereign debt. Bretton Woods 2.0 is based on a Dual Pillar Regime: 1. Physical Pillar…

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Analyse multi-facteurs de la dynamique des titres Carrefour (CA.PA). Découplage hydrocarbures vs risque systémique de Supply-Chain

Le marché observe une anomalie : le Gasoil baisse, ce qui devrait favoriser les marges des distributeurs, mais Carrefour sous-performe le CAC 40. La thèse centrale est que la baisse de Carrefour n'est pas liée aux prix de l'énergie mais à une discontinuité physique de la supply-chain (ruptures de stock), créant un risque de destruction…

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De Facto Tolls Solidify: Iran Moves to Formalize Strait of Hormuz Fees and Transit Bans

The Brent oil market shows an extreme divergence between the paper price (futures contracts) at $109 and the physical price (spot) at $141, a $32 gap reflecting a strong "backwardation." Normally, future prices are higher than spot prices (contango) due to storage costs; this inversion signals an immediate scarcity of physical oil. The $141 price…

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US Treasury just issued General License 134A, allowing limited transactions for Russian-origin oil already loaded before March 12, 2026. This authorization is valid until April 11, 2026

The “return of Russian oil” refers to the U.S. Treasury’s series of short-term General Licenses (GL 133 issued March 5, followed by GL 134 on March 12 and updated GL 134A on March 19, 2026) that authorize the sale, delivery, and offloading of sanctioned Russian-origin crude oil and petroleum products already loaded on vessels. (ww.reuters.com)…

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The U.S. Treasury temporarily lifts nearly all sanctions on Iranian oil tankers, allowing exports loaded March 20 – April 19, 2026, signaling a major shift in Iran policy

The U.S. Treasury's General License U (issued March 20, 2026) is explicitly designed to exert downward pressure on oil prices by flooding the market with additional supply at a time when prices have surged over 50% since the U.S.-Israeli conflict with Iran began in late February. Why It Targets Prices The license authorizes the…

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