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The silver deficit is intensifying, with demand exceeding supply for the sixth consecutive year. According to the Silver Institute, the global market is expected to face a supply deficit of 46.3 million ounces in 2026, bringing the total deficit since 2021 to a staggering 762.1 million ounces. This persistent shortage is notable despite a…
Executive Summary
The 3:2:1 crack spread serves as a primary proxy for gross refining margins, calculated as:
3:2:1 Crack Spread=2×PGasoline (bbl)+1×PDistillate/Heating Oil (bbl)−3×PCrude (bbl)3\text{3:2:1 Crack Spread} = \frac{2 \times P_{\text{Gasoline (bbl)}} + 1 \times P_{\text{Distillate/Heating Oil (bbl)}} - 3 \times P_{\text{Crude (bbl)}}}{3}
where prices are typically futures-settled (e.g., WTI/RBOB/NYH HO for USGC benchmarks; Brent equivalents or regional baskets for Europe).…
1. Sommaire exécutif
Le pivot de la FED vers une gestion proactive de la liquidité, marqué par la fin du QT et l’annonce imminente d’un “QE de gestion des réserves”, constitue un événement structurel de premier ordre.
Ce changement de politique, combiné à la chute récente du SOFR à 3,92 % et à…
Analyse de marché