1.1 Collective Structuring and Pooling of Heterogeneous Quality Carbon Credits
Pool tokens represent a stake in a collective portfolio of carbon credits with heterogeneous characteristics, structured as a mutual fund or a collective investment vehicle. This form of tokenization allows for the pooling of risks specific to each carbon credit and offers increased liquidity compared…
Project Agorá, launched in April 2024 by the BIS Innovation Hub, is its largest public-private collaboration, testing a multi-currency unified ledger for wholesale cross-border payments. It builds on the BIS's "unified ledger" concept, exploring how tokenization and programmability can modernize correspondent banking without replacing the two-tier monetary system (commercial banks and central banks).
This…
MiCA (Markets in Crypto-Assets Regulation (EU) 2023/1114) is the EU’s comprehensive framework for crypto-assets not already regulated under traditional financial laws (e.g., not securities under MiFID II). It entered into force in stages: issuer rules for stablecoins from 30 June 2024, and rules for other crypto-assets plus Crypto-Asset Service Providers (CASPs) from 30 December 2024.…
Décarbonisation