renewable energy

Refiner Margin Squeeze and the 3:2:1 Crack Spread Signal: Technical Analysis with Focus on TotalEnergies (as of mid-June 2026)

Executive Summary The 3:2:1 crack spread serves as a primary proxy for gross refining margins, calculated as: 3:2:1 Crack Spread=2×PGasoline (bbl)+1×PDistillate/Heating Oil (bbl)−3×PCrude (bbl)3\text{3:2:1 Crack Spread}…

3 weeks ago

Pool Tokens: Stochastic Modeling of the Impact of Pillar Two (OECD) on Tax Engineering and the Valuation of Tokenized Carbon Investments

1.1 Collective Structuring and Pooling of Heterogeneous Quality Carbon Credits Pool tokens represent a stake in a collective portfolio of…

2 months ago